Why Quantum is necessary?
In our modern world we need to describe the empirical facts and behavior of micro details around us. In order to do that we need a special system which replicate a quantum mechanics. If we can create an artificial behavior of quantum world using algorithm it can be more useful in various fields like finance, healthcare, supply chain etc.
What is Quantum Computer?
Quantum Processing Unit consists of quantum gates which are made up of quantum bits or qubits. These quantum gates are collectively known as quantum circuits. Quantum gates have several types like Pauli gates, Controlled gates, Phase shift gates ..etc., In each of these gates the values are stored in a different matrix form. These matrices can be written to resemble these Superposition, Interference and Entanglement i.e., the Law Of Quantum Mechanics of an object to form a Matrix Algorithm or Quantum Computing. The computers which perform an action based on the matrix algorithm is called as quantum computation.
What is Qubit?
Bit is defined as the value of information. Normally bit is either stored as 0 or 1. Qubit is a value of quantum information. In qubits each n bits is stored as 2n bits. In qubits the values are in a linear superposition i.e., in both 0 and 1 at the same time. Each 2 entries is viewed as a non negative entries. Quantum computing has to evaluate the all the qubits in parallel i.e., superposition is achieved by arranging the quantum gates in a way to encode the quantum system to be evaluated. This type of Arrangements is called quantum parallelism.
Steps to achieve Quantum Computing for a complex search problem :
1. Enter the value in the form of qubits.
2. Write the code to place the qubits in superposition.
3. write the code to encode all the values of qubits parallelly.
4. Give a specific state of value to speed up the process.
5. Finally write a code to measure the value.
These steps are inspired by observing the working of quantum world like understanding an motion of electron and steps to control it.
Grovers Algorithm and Amplitude Amplification :
Grovers algorithm is a quantum algorithm which is mostly used for unstructured search problems. Amplitude Amplification is a method used in Grovers algorithm by providing a function to search a N number of data. Grovers algorithm works exactly in same procedure as listed above.
Research happening in quantum computing :
Multiverse computing is a startup company working with Bosch to develop a quantum computer to solve the optimization problems in supply chain and also in health care we can predict which patients needed the emergency care.
With quantum computing we can decrypt the SHA - 256 encrypted data. So the encryption system raises the alarm bell.
IBM's Osprey is currently the largest quantum processor in the world, weighing in at 433 qubits. 1,100 qubits in 2023. 4,100 qubits in 2025.
The Atos QLM uses Atos’ BullSequana X800 servers and generates simulations of quantum computers based on three different quantum programming modes – the gate model, the annealing model, and the analog model. It was launched in 2017.
The center houses the 4 petaflops Scafell Pike Bull Sequana X1000 and an existing Atos Quantum Learning Machine, as well as the Bull Atos Nvidia DGX1 Max-Q system known as Jade 2 for the University of Oxford. It formerly hosted 1.4 teraflops IBM Blue Gene/Q Blue Joule supercomputer, before it was moved to the DiRAC facility at the Institute for Computational Cosmology at Durham University in 2016.
Diraq, a sydney based quantum computing firm found a way to control a spin of an electron with a specific electromagnetic field. This research helps to replace the cobalt in smartphones with a simple electromagnetic circuit.
SpinQ’s most affordable quantum computer is represented by
the Gemini Mini model. It measures 200 x 350 x 260 mm, weighs 14 kg and features
a dual-qubit processor that offers more than 20 ms of coherence time with more
than 10 gate operations per dual-qubit circuit or more than 30 operations per
single qubit. It is the only model with an integrated display that makes it
easier for users to access up to 18 demo algorithms complete with documentation
and training materials. The entire device requires 60 W of power and its price
in Japanese Yen converts to US$8,100.
IBM form an online platform called The IBM Quantum Composer and the IBM Quantum Lab allowing public and premium access to cloud-based quantum computing services provided by IBM Quantum.
One can explore the world of quantum computing for free on the IBM Cloud, and learn to write quantum code — starting with absolute zero experience. IBM’s quantum computers are programmed using Qiskit, a software development kit in Python. Qiskit is free, open source, and accompanied with a comprehensive textbook and semester-long course.
from qiskit import *
Conclusion :
Researcher said that quantum computers will not replace the classical computer. Quantum computer will become a part of classical computer. It is mostly used for complex problems like optimizable problems. So with quantum computers we make a more precise decisions and can create a predictable world.
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